Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale

Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale

Yannic Kilcher explains why transformers are ruining convolutions.

This paper, under review at ICLR, shows that given enough data, a standard Transformer can outperform Convolutional Neural Networks in image recognition tasks, which are classically tasks where CNNs excel. In this Video, I explain the architecture of the Vision Transformer (ViT), the reason why it works better and rant about why double-bline peer review is broken.

OUTLINE:

  • 0:00 – Introduction
  • 0:30 – Double-Blind Review is Broken
  • 5:20 – Overview
  • 6:55 – Transformers for Images
  • 10:40 – Vision Transformer Architecture
  • 16:30 – Experimental Results
  • 18:45 – What does the Model Learn?
  • 21:00 – Why Transformers are Ruining Everything
  • 27:45 – Inductive Biases in Transformers
  • 29:05 – Conclusion & Comments

Related resources:

  • Paper (Under Review): https://openreview.net/forum?id=YicbFdNTTy

Explaining the Paper: Hopfield Networks is All You Need

Explaining the Paper: Hopfield Networks is All You Need

Yannic Kilcher explains the paper “Hopfield Networks is All You Need.”

Hopfield Networks are one of the classic models of biological memory networks. This paper generalizes modern Hopfield Networks to continuous states and shows that the corresponding update rule is equal to the attention mechanism used in modern Transformers. It further analyzes a pre-trained BERT model through the lens of Hopfield Networks and uses a Hopfield Attention Layer to perform Immune Repertoire Classification.

Content outline:

  • 0:00 – Intro & Overview
  • 1:35 – Binary Hopfield Networks
  • 5:55 – Continuous Hopfield Networks
  • 8:15 – Update Rules & Energy Functions
  • 13:30 – Connection to Transformers
  • 14:35 – Hopfield Attention Layers
  • 26:45 – Theoretical Analysis
  • 48:10 – Investigating BERT
  • 1:02:30 – Immune Repertoire Classification

Object-Centric Learning with Slot Attention

Object-Centric Learning with Slot Attention

Visual scenes are often comprised of sets of independent objects. Yet, current vision models make no assumptions about the nature of the pictures they look at.

Yannic Kilcher explore a paper on object-centric learning.

By imposing an objectness prior, this paper a module that is able to recognize permutation-invariant sets of objects from pixels in both supervised and unsupervised settings. It does so by introducing a slot attention module that combines an attention mechanism with dynamic routing.

Content index:

  • 0:00 – Intro & Overview
  • 1:40 – Problem Formulation
  • 4:30 – Slot Attention Architecture
  • 13:30 – Slot Attention Algorithm
  • 21:30 – Iterative Routing Visualization
  • 29:15 – Experiments
  • 36:20 – Inference Time Flexibility
  • 38:35 – Broader Impact Statement
  • 42:05 – Conclusion & Comments

BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Yannic Kilcher investigates BERT and the white paper associated with it https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.04805

Abstract:We introduce a new language representation model called BERT, which stands for Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers. Unlike recent language representation models, BERT is designed to pre-train deep bidirectional representations by jointly conditioning on both left and right context in all layers. As a result, the pre-trained BERT representations can be fine-tuned with just one additional output layer to create state-of-the-art models for a wide range of tasks, such as question answering and language inference, without substantial task-specific architecture modifications. BERT is conceptually simple and empirically powerful. It obtains new state-of-the-art results on eleven natural language processing tasks, including pushing the GLUE benchmark to 80.4% (7.6% absolute improvement), MultiNLI accuracy to 86.7 (5.6% absolute improvement) and the SQuAD v1.1 question answering Test F1 to 93.2 (1.5% absolute improvement), outperforming human performance by 2.0%.